When a pet is unwell, he seems lethargic, drowsy, and loses his appetite. If some internal organ hurts, he may take an unnatural position or tuck his paws.
Health is also determined by the nose. If it is warm and dry, this is a clear signal of poor health.
If you suspect your pet is sick, inspect its fur for wounds, redness and swelling.
Classification of diseases
To successfully treat a pet, it requires timely veterinary examination. What diseases do dogs have?
- Disturbances in the functioning of internal organs and systems (obesity, diabetes, etc.).
- Surgical. These include damage to internal organs and various parts of the body: fractures, dislocations, skin diseases of dogs, etc.
- Gender sexual diseases.
- Parasitic (invasive):
- Infectious: plague, tuberculosis, fungus, etc.
Causes of diseases in dogs
Even with proper care of the animal, the development of pathologies that occur in acute or chronic form is not excluded. Many breeds have a genetic predisposition to a certain disease, but this does not mean that it will occur.
In most cases, the appearance of illnesses in pets is associated with improper care and violation of the feeding regime, as a result of which the body’s defenses are weakened.
Factors contributing to the development of the disease:
- poor, monotonous feeding
- unsanitary living conditions
- inactivity
- psycho-emotional stress
- the presence of helminths and blood-sucking parasites
- lack of vaccination
In addition, the health of four-legged animals is threatened by pathogenic microorganisms and fungi, including parasites (ticks, insects, helminths) common in the environment.
Four-legged animals also suffer from:
- injuries, injuries
- heat and sunstroke
- snake bites, poisonous insects
- intoxication (especially if the pet picks it up on the street)
The situation is more complicated with stray dogs - they are more susceptible to infections, accidents, poisoning and more often die at a young age from pathologies of internal organs.
Invasive diseases
In simple terms, these are worms in the pet’s body. There are several types of them, and they pose a danger to humans.
A dog can become infected through water, food, contact with a sick animal or its objects (toys, bowl, etc.).
- The pet develops unusual taste preferences (earth, sand).
- Dull, dry coat.
- Bloated belly.
- Cough.
- The animal rubs its butt on the floor.
- Sometimes there may be vomiting.
The most common diseases of dogs by breed
Before moving on to describing the symptoms of various diseases, we note which of them are typical for dogs of various breeds:
German Shepherd - deformation of the knee and elbow joints, inflammation of the skin, pancreas dysfunction, inflammation of the cornea.
French and English bulldogs - difficulty breathing, inflammation of the skin (due to skin folds).
Saint Bernard - deformation of the knee and elbow joints, abnormal structure of the dental system, congenital deformation of the eyelids.
Boxer - difficulty breathing, tendency to tumor diseases, cardiac arrhythmia, circulatory diseases, inflammation of the cornea, gum tumors.
Dogs of small and toy breeds - gradual detachment of the retina, prolapse of the kneecap, deformation of the cervical spine.
American Cocker Spaniel - retinal detachment, congenital anomaly of the eye lens.
English Cocker Spaniel - deformity of the knee joint, congenital anomaly of the eye lens.
Collie - eye abnormalities, periodic circulatory difficulties, deafness, susceptibility of the skin of the nose to inflammation due to sunburn, weakened immune system.
Dalmatian - bladder stones.
Doberman - deformation of the cervical spine.
Labrador and golden retriever - age-related deformities of joints and joints, retinal detachment, congenital lens anomaly.
Pekingese - difficulty breathing, congenital deformation of the eyelids, displacement of intervertebral discs.
Dachshund - paralysis.
Terriers - displacement of the eye lens.
Yorkshire Terrier - congenital narrowing of the airways, difficulty breathing.
Large breeds (Great Danes, Schnauzers, St. Bernards, Shepherds) - deformation of the knee and elbow joints, age-related deformities of the joints, tumor changes in the bones.
Infections
This is a type of disease transmitted by airborne droplets or through hairs in food.
- The pet overall looks unwell.
- Coughs.
- Doesn't eat anything.
- Lethargic, apathetic.
If your pet is infected with rabies, the following symptoms will be observed:
- Paralysis.
- Impaired coordination of movements.
- An accumulation of white foam forms in the corners of the mouth.
- Convulsions.
Endocrine diseases
Cushing's disease in dogs is a pathological disease caused by a malfunction of the pituitary gland.
The disease is accompanied by:
- Mental disorders.
- Constant thirst.
- Increased appetite.
- Frequent urination.
- Weakness, lethargy and drowsiness.
- Sagging belly.
- Hair loss over large areas.
The pet's body is working to the limit, which will ultimately lead to death.
How to determine if a dog is healthy?
For those who have never had a dog in their home before, it is often difficult to determine whether a dog is healthy or sick. veterinarian can make a complete diagnosis ; however, some signs are highly likely to convince owners that everything is fine with the pet at the current moment in time:
- the dog is cheerful, playful, shows a keen interest in everything that happens, happily communicates with its owners and relatives; - shiny, neat coat, no shedding out of season; - presence of normal stool and healthy good appetite; - the animal is clean; — behavior is positive and calm, does not show anxiety; - no fleas; - cold and wet nose while awake (after sleep it may remain dry for some time); - eyes are shiny, with pink sclera, the color of which is uniform, discharge from the eyes is absent or minimal (physiological); - drooling is within normal limits (depending on the breed), the tongue and gums are a uniform healthy pink color, not pale or red, without swelling.
If it is difficult to navigate, and there are some features unusual for the dog’s standard behavior, veterinary clinics in Nizhny Novgorod recommend assessing the presence/absence of typical signs of disease in the dog.
Diseases that pose a danger to humans
Some canine diseases can be transmitted to humans.
Rabies. It can be contracted through the bite of a sick animal. It is important to consult a doctor immediately, because after the incubation period (2 weeks - 3 months) rabies cannot be cured. Without treatment, rabies will lead to a painful death.
Ringworm. To avoid infection, you need to avoid contact with a sick animal. When a person becomes infected, rounded areas of skin appear on the body. They are inflamed and flaky.
The disease is accompanied by fever, nervous disorders, rapid weight loss, foul breath and bleeding areas in the mouth.
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